Page 17 Handheld ISFET detection ofYAP1 and Androgen Receptor mRNA from clinical samples fro prostate cancer prognosis Joseph Broomfield Imperial College London, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering This work presents a handheld lab-on-chip device developed collaboratively between the Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology and the Androgen Signalling group at Imperial College London. Previ- ous work has validated a panel of circulating mRNA biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) prognostics using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (IS- FETs). These developed assays can specifically and sensitively detect mRNA from prostate cancer cell lines. This work presents the validity of these assays for minimally invasive detection of RNA extracted from blood plasma. On account of the low abundance and lability of circulating mRNA, an extraction methodology for detection from the blood was optimised. Clinical blood plasma samples from PCa patients indicated that the LAMP assays were sufficient to detect circulating YAP1 and androgen receptor mRNA. Both of these markers are associated with prostate cancer tumour aggressiveness and detection was corroborated with qPCR. Implementation of the benchtop LAMP assays onto the Lab-on-Chip is currently ongoing including a multiplexed device for simultaneous detection of multiple PCa biomarkers. Aptamer Conjugated Chitosan-based Nanocarriers for PossibleTargetedTheranostic of Non-Muscle Bladder Cancer Fariza Aina Abd Manan 1, Nor Azah Yusof 1,2,*, Jaafar Abdullah1,2 1 Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; jafar@upm.edu.my 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia * Correspondence : azahy@upm.edu.my (N.A.Y.) Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common genitourinary cancer that cause mortality across the world. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounts approximately 75-80% of incident cases of bladder cancer. Intravesical chemotherapy is an integral to the treatment of NMIBC with excellent curative effects. However, this method suffers from non-specific biodistribution, insufficient drug concentration at the lesion site, low therapeutic indices, and intolerable cytotoxicity. In present work, intravesical aptamer conjugated targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) using chitosan-based nanocarriers with high encapsulation efficiency of Mitomycin C (MMC) have been developed to improve drug biocompatibility in cells and tissues, preserve drug stability, accelerate intracellular uptake, facilitate drug biodistribution to the targeted cancer cells or tissues for cancer theranostics.The conjugated aptamer used as targeting ligand to bind with overexpressed biomarker,Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) on the surface of cancerous cells. Preliminarily, the molecular docking studies of aptamer with VEGFR1 protein exhibits the binding free energy (ΔG) -15.3 kcal/mol. Further, experimental analysis using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Assay (ELONA) validates that aptamer has excellent binding affinity (KD) 375 nM towards VEGFR1 protein. Overall, the developed aptamer TDDS synergistically elucidates the underlying efficient delivery of MMC with excellent targeted towards localized cancer sites to curb NMIBC reoccurrence and progression when applied to the real-time disease treatment.
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